HOW DO TEENS MAKE ONLINE DECISIONS?
Raising Teens to Make Good Decisions Online
By Carolyn Jabs
In the early 1990’s, when today’s teenagers were babies, the only people who knew about the Internet were scientists, computer programmers and a few members of the U.S. military. Today, every parent is expected to be an expert in how to keep young people safe in this new and complicated environment.
Some parents respond by trying to monitor everything their teens do online. A larger number worry a lot but do little according to research by Dr. Larry Rosen, professor at California State University. He concedes that parents face a “daunting task” in supervising online teens because most adults no idea about how to make safe and constructive use of Facebook, MySpace, Twitter and Wikipedia.
Although teens may know more than parents about online activities, they still need adult guidance about how to make wise choices. Dr. Rosen recommends parents open up conversation and listen carefully to discover what online activities teens find compelling and why. That understanding can lead to meaningful family rules. More important, such discussions nurture the judgment teens need to lead safe and satisfying online lives. Remember: Not everything about the Internet is bad for your teenager. Here are four crucial developmental areas parents should take into account:
Independence -- Evaluating information through critical thinking
During adolescence, young people want to explore the larger world beyond home and parents. The Internet can be a powerful part of his process because it offers unprecedented access to ideas, images, music and video. Adults understand that much of what they encounter online must be filtered to determine whether or not it is reliable. Teens, for all their surface sophistication, are often very trusting. They need help distinguishing verifiable facts from unfounded opinion and detecting material that is commercial, political or even fraudulent.
Encourage your teen to think critically about what he or she finds online. Share your own experiences and explain why certain websites make you skeptical or wary. Ask your child to show you websites of interest. Avoid snap judgments about their content. Instead, ask curious, respectful questions that will prompt your child’s thinking. Who’s behind this blog/video/website? Why did they make it? Are they believable? How do you know? How could you find out? Introduce your child to snopes.com, a website that debunks Internet myths.
Peers -- Creating healthy relationships and communities
Peers are enormously important to teens, so they have been enthusiastic adopters of every form of social media from chat and text messaging to Facebook and massive multi-player games. “The things we see adolescents using with great fervor online are all connective,” observes Amanda Lenhart, senior research specialist at the Pew Research Center Internet and American Life. “Combined, they create a very rich social space.”
Parents tend to worry about strangers a child might encounter online. Researchers, however, point out that teens are more likely to be bullied or harassed by peers and that they often put themselves at risk by posting TMI (too much information.) “Kids find it hard to remember who is in an online space,” says Lenhart. “It’s not just a question of predators. There’s also the issue of friending your cousin who talks to your aunt who talks to your mom.”
Because they can’t see the responses of others, teens are often thoughtless and even cruel online. Remind your teen to think before pressing send. How will other people feel about seeing or receiving the message? How would your child feel if it were directed at him or her? What kind of online reputation does your teen want to have?
Sexuality – Aligning behavior with values
From the beginning, the Internet has been a very racy place. In one early study of chat, Dr. Patricia Greenfield of the Children’s Digital Media Center found teens averaged one sexual comment per minute. “That figure” she observes, “is considerably more than what you would expect in real life conversation.” Although parents are justifiably concerned about access to pornography, they must also be aware that many teens choose to explore their sexuality by posting or exchanging provocative photos and videos.
Instead of lecturing teens what they shouldn’t do, emphasize the rewards of healthy romantic relationships both on and offline. Encourage your teen to articulate his or her own values. What qualities matter in a partner? How do you decide whether you can trust someone? How can you resist pressure to do things you don’t feel comfortable doing?
Risk-taking – Learning to think long-term
Teens are notorious for their inability to think beyond the coming weekend. This short-sightedness makes them especially vulnerable online. “Most adults did things in adolescence that make them look back and cringe,” says Lenhart. “Now all of that persists online—even if you don’t want it to.”
Use TV programs, YouTube videos and even news about celebrities to make the link between impulsive decisions and long-term consequences. When your teen starts social networking, insist on being part of his or her network. Just knowing that you could visit the page—even if you rarely do—creates a kind of conscience. Remind teens regularly that things they post online are never truly private because they can so easily be replicated.
Parents must also help teens keep online activities in perspective so they don’t crowd out important off-line pursuits including chores, homework, family time and sleep. If necessary, install a timer on computers and game systems and confiscate cell phones at dinner time and before bed.
Finally, when your teen makes an online mistake, don’t threaten to disconnect. This is a new environment. There will be missteps. Although it may be tempting to nail teens for being teens, parents must focused on the real goal—raising young people savvy enough to sidestep online pitfalls while taking full advantage of online possibilities.
You can read Carolyn's column, Growing Up Online, in regional parenting publications from Staten Island to Sacramento as well as on her web site www.growing-up-online.com.
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