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Meth-a Monster Drug

As writer Kathy Sena was preparing columns about methamphetamine and cocaine, the two most insidious drugs in our culture today, I decided to see what I could find on the Internet, where most of our children live. I searched for cocaine, and several sites came up offering to show me how to make crack at home.

Another web site instructed me on how to pass a methamphetamine test. Then I discovered that it’s just as easy to learn how to make crystal meth. Crystal meth may be the most dangerous of the addictive drugs. It’s cheap, it’s easy to make, it’s easy to get. Because it is so pure, it may even be more addictive.

Adding to its popularity is the fact that it can be smoked, which is less uncomfortable than snorting or injecting. Cocaine is usually snorted, and heroin usually requires a syringe. But crystal meth, too, can be snorted or injected. You may know that crystal meth has become a suburban nightmare.

Meth labs have been found in homes in a variety of suburbs. Small town America doesn’t get off easy either (see below). The ease with which it is made is frightening, and the ingredients are plentiful. Crystal meth is the reason why over-the-counter Sudafed and other cold medications with pseudoephedrine were taken off the shelf and put behind the pharmacy counter.

It is frightening how quickly kids become addicted. One health professional told me that crystal meth hot-wires the brain so that the same stimuli that were around when the user first tried the drug would cause instant cravings if the user is around those same stimuli in the future. And its destruction does not stop after one hit: Crystal meth’s affects can come back for years even if the habit is kicked. Methamphetamine What is it? Methamphetamine is a very addictive stimulant drug that strongly activates certain systems of the brain. Chemically, it is closely related to amphetamine, but the central nervous system effects of methamphetamine are greater.

Also known as: Speed, meth, co-pilots, Christmas tree and chalk. The crystal form, inhaled by smoking, is referred to as ice, crystal meth, tina and glass. The injected form is sometimes called crank.

How taken: Methamphetamine can be taken by mouth (pills), snorted (also called bumping), injected or smoked. How teens get it: From friends, at parties and dance clubs and through buying it themselves on the street. According to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), methamphetamine has become the most dangerous drug problem in small-town America. Traffickers make and distribute the drug in some of the most rural areas in the U.S. Twelve- to 14-year-olds who live in smaller towns are 104% more likely to use methamphetamine than those who live in larger cities, according to the DEA.

Effects & dangers: Immediately after smoking or injecting methamphetamine, the user experiences an intense sensation, called a "rush" or "flash," which lasts only a few minutes and is described as extremely pleasurable. Oral or intranasal use produces euphoria and a high, but not the same rush. Methamphetamine appears to damage brain cells that contain dopamine and serotonin. Over time, it appears to cause reduced dopamine levels, which can result in symptoms like those of Parkinson’s disease, a severe movement disorder. Methamphetamine use causes increased heart rate and blood pressure and can cause irreversible damage to blood vessels in the brain, producing strokes. Other effects include respiratory problems, irregular heartbeat and extreme anorexia. Its use can result in cardiovascular collapse and death.

Signs of abuse: Increased physical activity, decreased appetite, increased respiration, increased body temperature (hyperthermia), euphoria, irritability, insomnia, confusion, tremors, convulsions, anxiety, paranoia and aggressiveness. Methamphetamine use also can lead to what dentists refer to as "meth mouth," a condition in which a user has rampant, severe dental cavities. Some users describe their teeth as blackened, stained, rotting, crumbling or falling apart. Often, the teeth cannot be saved and must be extracted. Meth mouth is thought to be caused by methamphetamine use leading to dry mouth; extended periods of poor oral hygiene; frequent consumption of high-calorie, carbonated beverages and tooth grinding and clenching. Some reports also have speculated that the acidic nature of the drug is a contributing factor.

Is methamphetamine addicting? Yes. Users may become addicted quickly and then use the drug with increasing frequency and in increasing doses.

--Kathy Sena

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